By doing this, they discovered that there must be five times more material in the clusters than we can detect. Scientists look at that gas and measure how much there is between galaxies in clusters. The gas only can be seen as X-rays or gamma rays. In some clusters, the space between galaxies is filled with gas so hot, scientists cannot see it using visible light telescopes. Something must hold our solar system, galaxies and clusters of galaxies together. Clumps of matter in smashed into each other, and the planets in our solar system began to form around the sun. Those clusters are made up of the galaxies and all the material between the galaxies. The universe was featureless.Īs time passed, the first stars formed. Image credit: Hubble Telescope/NASA For the first 150 million years after the Big Bang, there were no galaxies or stars or planets. Five starlike images appear when light from a single quasar passes through a gravitational lens.
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